Beetles

of all insect orders and displays an enormous variety of form, size and habit. A number of species are a serious pest in crops or stored products. There [...] damage Both larvae and adults of beetles can cause damage to crops. The larvae of some species feed on growing tips and roots or chew and bore into stems [...] aphids . Beetles undergo a complete metamorphosis, that is, the larvae do not resemble the adult at all, and must pass through a pupal instar before reaching

Cottony soft rot

overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between 4 and 26 °C with an optimum [...] also known as cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Life cycle and appearance of Cottony soft rot Cottony [...] optimum between 13 and 15 °C. Germination and infection mostly take place at high soil water content over a prolonged period of time. The sclerotia germinate

Fusarium wilt

Fusarium wilt General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] species are considered weak pathogens and can only infect wounded or stressed host plants. Life cycle and appearance of Fusarium wilt Fusarium oxysporum [...] structures, tools and machinery. Primary infection is either seed-borne or takes place as infection of the roots at the root tip or in small wounds, for

Steinernema carpocapsae

Nematodes can be applied using a watering can, an airblast sprayer, through a sprinkler system, with a backpack sprayer, or a vehicle-mounted spray unit To [...] nematodes are often applied to the soil or sprayed onto plant foliage as a biological control method, offering a natural and environmentally friendly approach [...] pests by parasitizing and killing them, providing a natural and environmentally friendly method of pest management in agriculture and horticulture. How to

Fly pollination

used in a wide range of seed crops. These flies are often applied in tents or other small isolation units with a few plants or when the amount of produced [...] can pollinate a wide range of plants, making them valuable in diverse agricultural settings. From fruits and vegetables to nuts and grains and ornamental [...] is packed in a cardboard tube with a plastic lid. The fly pupae are mixed with sawdust to minimize heat production and increase moisture and odor absorption

Heterorhabditis bacteriophora

Nematodes can be applied using a watering can, an airblast sprayer, through a sprinkler system, with a backpack sprayer, or a vehicle-mounted spray unit To [...] pests by parasitizing and killing them, providing a natural and environmentally friendly method of pest management in agriculture and horticulture. How to [...] biological control method, offers a natural and environmentally friendly approach to pest management in agriculture and horticulture. How do Heterorhabditis

Aphids

yellowing, or discoloration. They may also excrete a sugary substance called honeydew, which can attract other insects and lead to the growth of a black sooty [...] various types of damage to a crop: Nymphs and adults extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth [...] length. They have a pear-shaped body with long antennae and two tube-like structures called tubercles on their rear end. Color: Aphids can be a variety of colors

Herbs

there is a strict difference between herbs and spices. Herbs are the leafy green or flowering parts of a plant, which can be used fresh or dried. Spices [...] ingredient, natural medicine or fragrances. They often have savory or aromatic characteristics and are used for flavouring dishes or food products. In the culinary [...] Spices derive from other parts of herbal plants and are often dried seeds, berries, roots, bark and fruits. Botanically speaking, ‘herb’ is synonymously to

Parasitic wasps

caused by pests, ensuring a higher yield and product quality. Environmental sustainability : Parasitic wasps provide a natural and environmentally responsible [...] parasitic wasp laying its eggs inside or on a host pest. Here's how it works: Egg laying: A female parasitic wasp seeks out a suitable host pest. The choice of [...] forming a cocoon or pupal stage within or on the host's body. Emergence: Once the parasitic wasp reaches maturity, it emerges from the host's body or the cocoon

Raspberry

tart-flavoured. Raspberries are a seasonal fruit and produced in summer or early autumn. Botanically speaking, the raspberry is not a berry, but an aggregate fruit [...] from Rubus idaeus or horticultural derivatives of hybrids of R. idaeus and R. strigosus. The fruit of the raspberry plant is red, tasty and sweet but tart [...] also referred to as red raspberry or occasionally as European raspberry to distinguish it from other raspberries, is a red-fruited species of Rubus. This