Sciarid flies
plant material and on algae and fungi present in the soil. They, however, can also feed on root hairs, rootlets, and tender root, stem and leaf tissue. Later [...] are legless and have a conspicuous black head. The head is equipped with biting-chewing mouth parts. Pupation takes place in a small hole in the ground [...] habitats and are attracted to a broad range of pathogenic and non-pathogenic micro-organisms for oviposition. Indirect damage is caused by the larvae and adults