Whitefly

retarded. In full sunlight, leaves can wilt and drop. Such leaf damage can in turn influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. By [...] are widespread, polyphagous and are broadly comparable in outline. Find solutions for whitefly in your crop Life cycle of whitefly Whitefly damage The larvae [...] whitefly reduces the aesthetic value of crops. This is particularly important in ornamentals. The honeydew deposited on fruit makes it sticky. Dirt adheres

Tobacco whitefly

insect was first identified on tobacco in Greece in 1889, hence the name tabaci . It has subsequently been found in most tropical and subtropical countries [...] retarded. In full sunlight, leaves can wilt and fall. Such leaf damage can in turn influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. The [...] particularly important in ornamentals . The larvae inject enzymes into the plant that alter their normal physiological processes. In some host plants, this

Aphids

by aphids in tomato in this way, as is the cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) in cucumber. How to prevent aphids To prevent aphid infestations in crops, you [...] family containing many species that cause damage in cultivated crops. The most significant aphids that occur in greenhouses are: Myzus persicae subsp. persicae [...] enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield. Plant sap has a low protein content but is rich in sugars

Vine mealybug

yield. Flowers and fruit often drop off. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but low in proteins. In order to gain an adequate intake of protein, mealybugs must [...] instar nymph, prepupa, pupa and adult. The eggs are golden-yellow in color and are deposited in an cottony egg sac (ovisac) containing from 300-500 eggs. The [...] present only in the male. After a complete metamorphosis, a winged male emerges from the pupa. The male is smaller (1 mm), dark orange in color with long

Green peach aphid

occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield, Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low [...] peach aphid ( Myzus persicae subsp. persicae ) is an important insect pest in sweet pepper, tomato, cucumber and many other greenhouse crops. The aphid [...] quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the form of honeydew, making the crop and its fruit sticky. Black fungal moulds

Diamond back moth

often stick to leaves and frequently hide in crevices near the bud. In cauliflower and broccoli, pupation may occur in the florets. Initially, the pupa is [...] They are deposited singly or in small groups of two or ten eggs on both the upper and lower surface of leaves, preferentially in depressions, and rarely on [...] The diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella) is suggested to have its origin in Europe, South Africa or East Asia, but is now present wherever its cruciferous

Caterpillars

often live in rolled-up leaves. Although some species are restricted to a single crop, most are polyphagous. Find solutions for caterpillars in your crop [...] caterpillars. Some species mine in leaves or bore holes into fruit or stems, making them difficult to detect and control. In addition to consumption of the [...] greyish. Adult butterflies do not damage crops. Most of them feed on nectar. In contrast, the caterpillars have biting and chewing mouthparts and can devour

Beetles

enormous variety of form, size and habit. A number of species are a serious pest in crops or stored products. There are many useful beetles as well. For instance [...] very capable fliers but others cannot fly at all. Find solutions for beetles in your crop Life cycle of beetles Beetle damage Both larvae and adults of beetles [...] some species feed on growing tips and roots or chew and bore into stems, but in other species also feed on leaves. Adult beetles cause damage by feeding on

Leaf miners

cosmetic damage. In (sub)tropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown plants [...] species in this family, only eleven are truly polyphagous. The species that cause most damage all belong to the genus Liriomyza and are very common in temperate [...] creating ‘mines’. There are many species of leaf miner affecting various crops in temperate parts of the world. Under natural conditions, the larvae of these

Cotton aphid

occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low [...] cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] d throughout the world but prefers the warmer regions. It has been a pest in European greenhouses since the late 1980’s, particularly affecting cucumber