Encarsia formosa
e , widely recognized for its role in biological control, particularly in the management of whitefly populations in various agricultural and horticultural [...] transparent to brown in colour. The pupa of E. formosa is unique among the species of Encarsia , in that it is formed immediately beneath and in contact with the [...] parasitoid’s development, the host pupa turns black. Parasitized pupae are thus easily recog nized. However, this blackening can be delayed, in which case