Cotton aphid
sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the [...] and the density of the population. Large individuals (up to 1.8 mm long) are usually dark green to black, while aphids produced in overcrowded colonies at [...] of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season,