of damage done by the tomato leaf miner ( Tuta absoluta) are the blotch-shaped mines in the leaves. Caterpillars prefer leaves and stems, but they may
protonymph and deutonymph, and adult. Adult mites are 0.6-0.8 mm long, oval shaped and pale white with a brown oval dorsal shield and brown legs. The larvae
the leaf intact. Shortly before pupating, the grown larva cuts a sickle-shaped exit hole in the leaf with its mouth parts. After roughly one hour the larva
characteristics: Size and shape: Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that are usually less than 6 mm in length. They have a pear-shaped body with long antennae
pair of prolegs protrudes from the posterior end, forming a distinctive 'V' shape. Throughout their development, larvae remain quite small and active. Except
at each stage: Egg stage: Cryptolaemus montrouzieri eggs are small, oval-shaped, and usually laid individually or in clusters on plant foliage or near
infect the surrounding tissue. On infected plant parts, the typical boat-shaped pink macroconidia are produced, which may be dispersed further. How to prevent
stage: Egg stage: Orius laevigatus eggs are small, around 0.4 mm long, oval-shaped, and usually laid singly within plant tissues such as leaves, stems, or
late second and third instar larvae to parasitize. An egg has an elongated shape, measuring 0.3 x 0.1 mm, and is transparent white in colour. It lies alongside
colour of the food ingested shines through the skin and shows up as an X-shaped marking on the back. If the food supply has been absent for some time, they