• Cottony cushion scale

  blocking the light from the leaves and reducing photosynthesis. Also due to the honeydew, cottony cushion scale infestations are often attended by ants. Life cycle [...] cushion scale, Icerya purchasi , is considered to have originated in Australia. It was accidentally introduced to California in about 1868 and devastated the [...] mostly caused by sap depletion; the shoots dry up and die, and defoliation occurs. In addition, the copious quantities of honeydew produced by the scales

• Mealybugs and scales

  leads to sooty mould. Infestations reduce plant vigor, fruit quality and overall yield. Effective control of mealybugs and scales is essential to maintain [...] the sap of plants and are mostly host plant specific. Apart from the damage they cause by sucking plant sap, mealybugs and soft scales also produce honeydew [...] females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing deformation and/or yellowing of leaves, sometimes followed by defoliation. The overall

• Aphilin

  adjusted to the particular situation. Start introduction preventively soon after planting of the crop. Introduction rates typically range from 0.25-4 per [...] persicae ) and other aphid species. Mode of action Adult parasitic wasps emerge from the mummies and females lay their eggs in aphids . The next generation of [...] Parasitic wasps Breaking ground in SA for the macrobial control of stinkbug done by parasitic wasps

• Bugs

  bugs Bugs can cause extensive damage to greenhouse and field crops by feeding on plant tissues and fruits, leading to deformation, discoloration, and yield [...] s bugs damage plants by puncturing leaves and growing points with their piercing-sucking mouthparts and extracting nutrients from them, resulting in d [...] yield loss. Effective bug control is key to maintaining healthy, high-quality crops. Biological control of bugs combines targeted monitoring and natural

• Tomato leafminer

  die off completely. Mining by the caterpillar causes malformations. Damage to fruit allows fungal diseases to enter, leading to rotting fruit before or after [...] leaf miner ( Tuta absoluta ) are cylindrical. Their colour varies from creamy white to bright yellow, darkening in the embryonic phase and becoming almost [...] first-instar larvae are whitish to yellowish after emerging. They mine inside the leaf, stem or fruit. In the second to fourth instars they become greenish

• Laeveld_Agrochem_GROEI_20_-_Winter_2022.pdf

  are exposed to different odours in controlled conditions to evaluate their response to these odours. If the insects tend to move away from the odour source [...] partners, intends to employ Niche Farmers as a powerful channel to reach out to them on an unprecedented mass scale, from the lower to the upper LSMs, on [...] activated by potassium. It is also responsible for sugar export from the mesophyll cells to the phloem, making it important for sugar transport to the developing

• Macadamia nut borer

  can consume several small nuts by moving from one fruit to another. This type of damage is small, and trees are able to compensate for damage because of [...] been linked to any other crop or indigenous host in South Africa. It is a quarantine pest and control procedures have to be carried out to enable export [...] macadamia nut borer ( Thaumatotibia batrachopa ) is native to Africa and was originally described from the Eastern Cape province in South Africa. Macadamia is

• Fall Armyworm

  sufficient for them to move from seasonally dry habitats to wet habitats in Central America. This makes it possible for fall armyworms to spread over large [...] ) are 30-40 mm long. They have six instars that vary in colour from light tan to green to black. They have a distinct white inverted Y-shaped mark on the [...] large areas rapidly. Adults fly by night, and are attracted to lights, especially those with a strong ultra-violet component. Damage symptoms The developing

• Vine mealybug

  taste can also be affected. An infection by Planococcus ficus can make the plants more susceptible to injury caused by other pests and fungal diseases. Life [...] General The vine mealybug Planococcus ficus belongs to the family Pseudococcidae, and is also known by the names Mediterranean vine mealybug and Grapevine [...] females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing deformation and / or yellowing of leaves, sometimes followed by defoliation. The overall

• American serpentine leaf miner

  hard to distinguish from feeding spots. The larvae of Liriomyza trifolii are entirely ochre-yellow. When the larva hatches from the egg, it begins to eat [...] miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue, leading to desiccation, premature [...] damage caused by leaf miners. In gerbera, the larva of the American serpentine leaf miner (Liriomyza trifolii) eats its way outwards from its egg, so that