• Cotton aphid

  (up to 1.8 mm long) are usually dark green to black, while aphids produced in overcrowded colonies at a high temperature can be much smaller (from 0.9 [...] extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or [...] sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the

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• Natutec Scout

  precise data on pest and disease populations by using technologies to collect, process, and analyze data from crops in real-time, enabling more informed [...] crop scouting tool in horticulture can lead to more effective, sustainable, and profitable crop production by providing precision pest monitoring and real-time [...] centralizing your scout data makes it easier to manage and analyze over time, while also providing accessibility from anywhere. This can help identify trends

• False codling moth

  enlarge the hole to leave the fruit and pupate. Excreta can be found within the larvae tunnels in the fruit. An infested fruit usually falls from the tree 3-5 [...] suitable place to penetrate the fruit. All five instars of larval development take place inside the fruit. Once the final instar (fifth) is ready to pupate, it [...] drops to the ground where it pupates in the top layer of the soil. The moths emerge after a couple of weeks. The life cycle varies between 5 weeks to 3 months

• Koppert One

  and indirect effects, from mortality and disrupted development to reduced fertility and repellent behavior. Powered by data from Koppert R&D, IOBC, leading [...] designed to simplify and strengthen biological crop protection . By combining expert knowledge, smart tools, and real-time data, it empowers growers to make [...] for your exact location. Clear ratings (from Poor to Excellent) show you instantly whether it’s the right moment to act. No guesswork. No unnecessary risk

• Aphidoletes aphidimyza

  the dead aphid hanging by its snout from the leaf to turn brown or black, and eventually decay. The quantity of aphids consumed by a gall midge larva depends [...] the aphids, and the aphid species. The time required to consume an aphid can vary from a few minutes to several hours, depending on the age and nutritional [...] adjusted to the particular situation. Start introduction as soon as the first aphids are detected in the crop. Introduction rates typically range from 1-10

• Greenhouse whitefly

  vaporariorum ) originally comes from tropical and subtropical America, probably Brazil or Mexico. Hundreds of plant species from different families serve as [...] large quantities. The damage that whiteflies cause to a crop is the result of sucking out the sap from the plant leaves and secreting honeydew. This can [...] development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. The honeydew deposited on fruit makes it sticky. Dirt adheres to the fruit, and the growth of sooty

• Cotton bollworm

  bored near the stalk. During development, the caterpillars damage most fruits by mining. All fruits can be damaged, although the preference is for smaller [...] mm. They are at first a shiny yellowish white, with their colour changing to brown just before the larvae emerge. The cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) [...] es five or seven stages may occur. Young caterpillars are yellowish-white to reddish-brown with dark spots. In later instars the head is mottled, and the

• Apple

  named Malus domestica by mistake) is best known for the apple, the tree’s usually sweet and pomaceous fruit. Apples originate from Asia and Europe and were [...] years, before European colonists introduced the tree to North America. The deciduous apple tree belongs to the rose family and is now cultivated for its fruit [...] range of bi- or tri-colored cultivars. The skin of the apple is protected by a layer of epicuticular wax. Apples usually have a yellowish-white coloured

• Leaf miners

  enemies, allowing the leaf miner population to erupt into serious numbers. In addition, the pesticides used to control leaf miners disrupt the biological [...] most damage all belong to the genus Liriomyza and are very common in temperate regions. Leaf miner damage Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly [...] and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue which can lead to desiccation, premature leaf-fall and cosmetic damage