• Damping-off

  aphanidermatum mostly occurs in young plants and damage is more extensive in young crops. Damage symptoms Pythium affects roots, in particular those of seedlings [...] subsequently zoospores are produced. Zoospores are spores with flagellae, which enable the spores to move through water. The zoospores are chemically drawn to [...] most rapidly in wet conditions with a high water content ( > 70%) of the soil or substrate. Oospores are dispersed when soil particles are moved around

• Laeveld_Agrochem_GROEI_20_-_Winter_2022.pdf

  na-opkoms in mielies toe te dien. Die toename in weerstandbiedende onkruidbevolkings het in die afgelope paar seisoene aansienlike verliese in verskillende [...] 4 weeks before full bloom are low and should be addressed. Cu levels are low, except for Salasel 002. B levels are low in Salasel Mac 021 and Simon Top [...] Mg levels are low and should be addressed. drates can be made available from these stored Micro nutrients: Mn are levels in Salasel mac 002 are low. Zn levels

• Mediterranean fruit fly

  widespread in Africa, the Mediterranean basin and South America. Ceratitis capitata is a highly polyphagous species whose larvae develop in a very wide [...] often surrounded by a sunken and discoloured area. These punctures are often sufficient in high quality produce to make fruit unmarketable. Damage caused by [...] silvery crossbands. The wings are clear with black veins and marked with black spots and brownish yellow patches. The eggs are about 1 mm long and narrowly

• Cottony soft rot

  lesions, giving this disease its name cottony soft rot. In the mycelium, big, dark sclerotia are formed. They can easily be seen with the naked eye and [...] Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ) overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between [...] first symptoms of a cottony soft root ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ) infection are water-soaked lesions at the stem base. The plant above it wilts and rots.

• Sciarid flies

  Lycoriella species are mainly found in commercial mushroom cultivation where they can cause enormous damage. Sciarid flies are usually found in damp, humid [...] commonly in greenhouses throughout the world. Although they generally do little harm to healthy plants, sciarid flies are particularly problematic in cuttings [...] during their short life. The males are usually smaller than the females. They are not fast fliers, and prefer damp areas in dark places, with a lot of organic

• Cryptolaemus montrouzieri

  late third and fourth in stars are the most voracious, consuming up to 30 mealybugs per day. 226 Beetles and larvae are most active in sunny conditions. Above [...] montrouzieri eggs are small, oval-shaped, and usually laid individually or in clusters on plant foliage or near mealybug-infested areas. They are typically y [...] yellow-white in color and may be found attached to leaves. Larval stage: Cryptolaemus montrouzieri larvae are the primary predatory stage. They are elongated

• Aphidoletes aphidimyza

  is available in bottle ( Aphidend ). Open the bottle in the greenhouse Place the bottle directly on the soil or rockwool slabs or hang it in-between the [...] threads. The cocoons are covered with small particles of soil and are about 2 mm long. Adult Stage: Adult Aphidoletes aphidimyza are small, slender flies [...] for its effectiveness in biological pest control , specifically targeting aphids . This beneficial insect is widely employed in integrated pest management

• Cotton bollworm

  rapidly, and drop off. In legumes, flowers are attacked, and seed pods may be pierced. Life cycle and appearance of Cotton bollworm Eggs are deposited individually [...] brown. Full grown larvae are 30 to 40 mm long. The first instars are the most mobile, and move like loopers. The caterpillars are often aggressive and c [...] approximately 18 to 19 mm in length and have a wingspan of about 40 mm. The grey-green males are smaller. The forewings are edged with a line of black

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• Tomato leafminer

  place in the soil or on the surface of a leaf, in a curled leaf or in a mine. If they leave the mines they build silk cocoons on the leaflets or in the soil [...] absoluta ) are grey-brown with filiform antennae, alternating light or dark segments and recurved labial palps, that are well developed. Black spots are present [...] symptoms of damage done by the tomato leaf miner ( Tuta absoluta) are the blotch-shaped mines in the leaves. Caterpillars prefer leaves and stems, but they may