• Cotton bollworm

  instar larvae feed on soft leaves, creating small holes. When they reach the second instar, they can penetrate fruit through a small hole, often bored near [...] buds, flowers, fruits or on leaves. They are almost spherical with a flattened base and a diameter of about 0.5 mm. They are at first a shiny yellowish white

• Hop

  them in climbing. They are a vigorous grower with the ability to extend up to 20 inches a week, and even 50 ft tall in one season. They are typically trained [...] genetics for flavoring have dictated how long these plants stay in the ground. They emerge each year towards the end of Spring and are harvested near the end

• Parasitic wasps

  insects that play a crucial role in natural pest control. They are called "parasitic" because they lay their eggs inside or on harmful pest insects. These [...] are highly specialized, with different species targeting specific pests. They are effective in reducing the population of harmful insects, making them [...] The choice of host depends on the specific species of parasitic wasp, as they often exhibit host specificity. The female parasitic wasp carefully inserts

• Lily

  species originate from temperate regions in the northern hemisphere, but they also grow in the northern subtropics. The plants grow from bulbs and all [...] yellow, pink, orange, red and purple. Lilies are perennials and tall plants, they range in height from 60-180 cm (2-6 feet).

• Green peach aphid

  colour. They appear matt, never glossy. Winged individuals have a brown-black head and thorax and a yellow-green to green or even reddish abdomen. They have [...] When reproduction is asexual, the young aphids are born as developed nymphs. They immediately start to feed on plant sap and grow rapidly. When reproduction [...] females. Aphids moult four times before reaching adulthood. With each moult they shed white skin, betraying their presence in the crop. Wingless green peach

• Amblydromalus limonicus

  to the prey eaten and they are sometimes greenish in colour when they take fluids from the leaves. Due to their size and colour they are difficult to spot [...] The larvae of Amblydromalus limonicus have to feed. If they do not have access to food, they develop very slowly and the mortality is high. The nymphs [...] several other small organisms such as spider mites and tarsonemid mites. They can also feed on pollen and take fluids from leaves, which is useful for

• Predatory insects

  leaves, and when the larvae hatch, they feed on aphids. Gall midges are considered beneficial insects because they specifically target aphids. By naturally [...] for natural pest control in agriculture. Equipped with piercing mouthparts, they actively hunt and feed on various harmful pests, helping to maintain a balanced [...] them valuable in biocontrol. There are different species of lacewings, but they share common traits in their feeding habits. Lacewing larvae, sometimes referred

• Mealybugs and scales

  with waxy threads (mealybugs). They suck the sap of plants and are mostly host plant specific. Apart from the damage they cause by sucking plant sap, mealybugs [...] mealybugs and soft scales, produce no honeydew. They feed by sucking the contents of epidermal cells, into which they inject toxic substances that cause yellow [...] The concealed habit and the protective covering of these insects mean that they are very well protected against natural enemies and also against synthetic

• Aphidoletes aphidimyza

  the larvae are full-grown they jump from the leaves and Aphidoletes aphidimyza pupate in the top layer of moist soil, where they form an oval silk cocoon [...] The searching behaviour of adult female gall midges is extremely efficient. They are capable of locating aphid-infested plants among numerous non-infested [...] eggs are tiny and elongated, usually laid individually near aphid colonies. They are translucent orange and difficult to see without magnification. Larval

• Transeius montdorensis

  larger. The larvae of Transeius montdorensis have to feed. If they do not have access to food, they develop very slowly and the mortality is high. The nymphs [...] other small organisms such as thrips , spider mites and tarsonemid mites. They can also feed on pollen, which is useful, for instance, in sweet pepper crops [...] protonymph, deutonymph, and adult. Eggs are laid on the underside of leaves. They are oval, white and have a diameter of approximately 0.14 mm. The larvae