Flies

to crops both directly and indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding on [...] nuisance, are particularly small flies of the families Sciaridae ( sciarid flies ) and Ephydridae (shore flies). The larvae of these insects generally live [...] live on rotting plant material and are mostly found in the soil. The spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii , has recently developed into a major pest

Caterpillars

belong to the Noctuidae (the noctuid or owl moths), which is the largest of all lepidopteran families. Most adults of this family are nocturnal. The caterpillars [...] pupate in the ground. Another family containing several species that damage greenhouse crops is the leafroller family, the Tortricidae. The name ‘leafroller’ [...] not able to chew and therefore graze the underside of leaves. This causes a window effect where the epidermis of the upper leaf surface remains undamaged

Mealybugs and scales

on this honeydew, which, as well as the white, waxy secretion of the mealybugs, reduces the ornamental value of the affected plants. Fruit and flowers are [...] is mainly the great quantity of honey-dew that causes the damage because of the sooty mould that grows on it. Ants are also attracted by the honeydew. [...] form three important families within the superfamily Coccoidea. This superfamily belongs to the order Hemiptera (the true bugs ). Coccoidea are at first

Thrips

their presence in the crop. At a later stage, the empty cells become desiccated and the adjacent cells turn brown. The vigour of the plant is also reduced [...] cells of the surface tissue and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting silver-grey patches on leaves and the black [...] greenhouse horticulture. The Western flower thrips ( Frankliniella occidentalis ) is the most damaging species. Thrips form the order Thysanoptera, a name

Whitefly

belong to the order Hemiptera (true bugs ). Together with aphids and scale insects, they belong to the division Sternorrhyncha. The whiteflies form the family [...] quantities. This can have the following consequences: If the population is very large, feeding on plant sap can affect the physiology of the plant, as a result [...] family Aleyrodidae. The most common species are the greenhouse whitefly , Trialeurodes vaporariorum , and the tobacco whitefly , Bemisia tabaci . Both are

Fall Armyworm

symptoms The developing larvae eat different parts of the host plant, depending on the crop, the stage of crop development, and the age of the larvae. On [...] distinct white inverted Y-shaped mark on the front of the head and four large spots on the upper surface of the last segment. Pupae are reddish brown and [...] measure 13 to 17 mm in length. The eggs hatch after 3-5 days. Over the next 2 to 3 weeks, the larvae pass through 5-6 stages and the pupal stage takes 9-13 days

Aphidius colemani

typical of the Aphidiidae. First the host is examined by drumming with the antennae. This gives the wasp the information about whether the aphid is the right [...] of the aphid population by the presence of the parasitic wasp also has an effect: the alarmed aphids secrete a warning substance, which affects the entire [...] Aphidius colemani is widely used in the biological control of aphids . Aphidius colemani is used for the control of the following pests: Cotton aphid ( Aphis

Anagyrus vladimiri

control of the mealybugs . Behaviour of the parasitic wasp Anagyrus vladimiri The female Anagyrus vladimiri lays its eggs inside the body of the mealybug [...] ovipositor between the wax filaments on the lateral margins of the host. Oviposition generally lasts about 15-40 seconds. The larva of the parasitic wasp [...] Anagyrus vladimiri The parasitic wasp Anagyrus vladimir is available in a bottle ( Citripar ). Remove the label from the bottle according to the instructions

Spidex Vital lives up to its promises

after the first deliveries were released, he had a closer look at the crop. ‘It was clear that the predatory mites were distributed throughout the crop [...] explain the added value of the new product to the market in very clear terms. Just like its predecessor more than fifty years ago, Spidex Vital has the full [...] spider mite control. It changes the rules of the game and is even more in control of spider mites . And the grower reaps the benefits.’

HyFood takes habanero to another level with biological control

One of the key factors for the successful implementation of the biological control program was the training of personnel in pest monitoring and the release [...] successfully collaborated in the implementation of an IPM program, which has facilitated the protection of their crops without the use of agrochemicals and [...] and has allowed them to comply with the legal framework for entry into the U.S. market, one of the most important and demanding at a global level. Looking