Aphidius matricariae

wasp Aphidius matricariae Aphidius matricariae is a parasitic wasp belonging to the family Braconidae and is widely recognized for its role in biological [...] aphids . This small wasp is a valuable natural enemy in both agricultural and horticultural settings. Aphidius matricariae is used for the control of the [...] matricariae is available in a bottle ( Aphipar-M ). Spread the material on rock wool slabs or in Diboxes Make sure the material remains dry and is not moved

Trichoderma harzianum

hairs, so that water and nutrients can be taken up better. This leads to a stronger and more uniform crop and better yields. This effect is stronger when the [...] harzianum T-22 is a species of beneficial fungus commonly used in agriculture and horticulture for its various beneficial properties. This fungus is known for [...] plant growth and enhance plant health , improve nutrient uptake, and enhance overall plant vigor. Its versatility and effectiveness makes it a valuable tool

Aphytis melinus

scale cover. If a parasitized scale cover is flipped over, the dead scale will be flat and dehydrated, and the parasite's cast skin and fecal pellets will [...] adult wasp chews a small round hole in the scale cover and leaves. Males and females are a lemon-yellow with green compound eyes and three red ocelli (single [...] of the parasitic wasp is greatest around 25ºC. The lower temperature limit for its development is 13ºC and the upper limit is 38ºC. Behaviour of the parasitic

Mediterranean fruit fly

capitata ) is widespread in Africa, the Mediterranean basin and South America. Ceratitis capitata is a highly polyphagous species whose larvae develop in a very [...] from wild hosts belonging to a large number of families. Damage symptoms The oviposition hole is often surrounded by a sunken and discoloured area. These punctures [...] wings are clear with black veins and marked with black spots and brownish yellow patches. The eggs are about 1 mm long and narrowly fusiform. Larvae are up

Obscure mealybug

growth and causing deformation and / or yellowing of leaves, sometimes followed by defoliation. The overall effect is a reduction of photosynthesis and therefore [...] world with a temperate climate. It has a very similar appearance to the citrus mealybug (Planococcus citri) , but its body is covered with a thicker layer [...] the males form a dark false pupa followed by a pupa in rapid succession. The actual pupa develops inside a white, cottony cocoon. After a complete metamorphosis

Tobacco whitefly

whitefly need a lot of protein for growth, and thus consume a large quantity of plant sap. This contains a high proportion of sugar, and the excess is excreted [...] tabaci ) is feared because of its high level of resistance to many insecticides and its propensity for the transmission of viruses. Life cycle and appearance [...] egg, first, second, third and fourth larval stage (often referred to as ‘pupa’ although strictly spoken this is not true) and adult. The larvae are found

False codling moth

leucotreta ) is native to sub-Saharan Africa and is found in all citrus production areas in Southern Africa. It also occurs on some of the Indian and Atlantic [...] Appearance and life cycle of False codling moth Eggs are laid singly on the surface of the fruit and resemble a saucer-shaped dome. After a few days the [...] quarantine status and is not due to the economic losses. Damage and symptoms Larval penetration holes in the fruit can only be found through thorough inspection

Whitefly

larvae need a lot of nutrients for growth, and thus consume a large quantity of plant sap. This contains a high proportion of sugar, and the excess is excreted [...] can wilt and drop. Such leaf damage can in turn influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. By sucking plant sap and secreting [...] es: If the population is very large, feeding on plant sap can affect the physiology of the plant, as a result of which growth is retarded. In full sunlight

Anagyrus vladimiri

dimorphism: the female is about 1.5-2 mm in length and brown, with distinctive black and white banded antennae. The male is 0.8 mm in length and black in colour [...] Anagyrus vladimiri is a parasitic wasp belonging to the Encyrtidae family. This parasitic wasp is particularly effective for mealybug control, a common pest affecting [...] the mummy. Anagyrus vladimiri has a strong photokinetic response, i.e. the female is strongly attracted to light and is inactive in darkness.

Cottony soft rot

as cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms The first symptoms of a cottony soft root ( [...] wilting and death of plants. Life cycle and appearance of Cottony soft rot Cottony soft root ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ) overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium [...] in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between 4 and 26 °C with an optimum between 13 and 15 °C. G