• Fusarium wilt

  oxysporum is the only Fusarium that actually grows inside the vessel system of the host plant and spreads upwards inside the plants. The other species are dispersed [...] First the leaves turn yellow and wilt, mostly on one side of the plant. Finally, the whole plant wilts. Other symptoms are brown discolouration of the xylem [...] when the stems are cut. In banana, whole plantations may die and the soil may not be suitable for planting for many years to come. Life cycle and appearance

• Diamond back moth

  quite small and active. Except for the first instar, which mines in the leaf tissue, the larvae are voracious surface feeders. The pupae of the diamond back [...] toward the apex. The tips of the wings appear to turn upward slightly when viewed from the side. In males, the upper two-thirds of the forewings are dark [...] crevices near the bud. In cauliflower and broccoli, pupation may occur in the florets. Initially, the pupa is pinkish-white to pinkish-yellow and changes to

• Tobacco thrips

  appearing in Spain in 2017, France in 2018, the Netherlands in 2019, and Germany by the end of 2021. The tobacco thrips also reached Florida in 2020 and has [...] prepupa, pupa, and finally the adult insect. The eggs are laid in leaves, flower petals, and the soft parts of stalks. They are inserted into the plant tissue [...] hidden. In greenhouses, Thrips parvispinus populations typically start to appear in the spring and peak in the autumn, with minimal presence in the winter

• Codling moth

  with ash-grey and a large, metallic, bronzy black ocellus on the hind part. The hindwings are brown. The eggs are about 1.3 x 1.0 mm, and whitish opalescent [...] year. The fully grown caterpillars of the last generation overwinter and pupate in spring. Larvae still in the apples at harvest can often be found in cracks [...] common in Europe. Damage symptoms After invading the fruit, the larvae first form a small cavity just under the skin. The entry hole can be seen and is usually

• Vine mealybug

  pupa and adult. The eggs are golden-yellow in color and are deposited in an cottony egg sac (ovisac) containing from 300-500 eggs. The nymphs are very [...] inflict damage on the crop in various ways: Nymphs and females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing deformation and / or yellowing of leaves [...] secretion of the mealybugs, reduces the ornamental value of the affected plants. Fruit and flowers are also fouled, rendering them unfit for sale, and the reduced

• Aphidius colemani

  typical of the Aphidiidae. First the host is examined by drumming with the antennae. This gives the wasp the information about whether the aphid is the right [...] Aphidius colemani The parasitic wasp is available in a bottle ( Aphipar ). Spread the material on rock wool slabs or in Diboxes Make sure the material remains [...] behaviour, which enables the wasps to track down and parasitize aphids , even when they are at low density. The behaviour of the female during egg-laying

• Blueberry

  height. The berries are usually 5–16 millimeters (0.20–0.63 inch) in diameter and have a flared crown. The berries are greenish pale at first, then turn [...] About Blueberries are flowering perennials with dark blue/purple coloured berries. The plant belongs to the section of Cyanococcus and the genus Vaccinium [...] reddish-purple and they are a dark blue/purple colour when ripe. The berries are protected by a layer of powdery epicuticular wax, commonly known as the "bloom"

• California red scale

  three a day. The crawlers are mobile and very small, so they are spread easily by the wind and birds, as well as by humans and their tools. In the hours after [...] may result in loss of shoots and branches. The fruit can be affected at all stages and may even die. The stem can also be severely infected and appear completely [...] with shields, especially in the case of young citrus. Young trees can suffer greatly and die if the branches are lost. Life cycle and appearance of California

• Tobacco whitefly

  called pupa, in which the red eyes and white wings of the adult are already clearly visible. These pupae are found on the oldest leaves. The adult emerges [...] tobacco in Greece in 1889, hence the name tabaci . It has subsequently been found in most tropical and subtropical countries of the world. The original [...] leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of the larvae stadia remain flattened on the leaf. The fourth

• Long-tailed mealybug

  least the length of the body itself. The length of the other filaments is roughly half the width of the body. The female is 3 - 4 mm long. Reproduction in [...] inflict damage on the crop in various ways: Nymphs and females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing deformation and / or yellowing [...] secretion of the mealybugs, reduces the ornamental value of the affected plants. Fruit and flowers are also fouled, rendering them unfit for sale, and the reduced